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Nepal Ecology Treks

Nepal Ecology Treks
Useful Information
Nepal Ecology Treks

Short Trekking
 
 

Nepal is located in the Himalayas and bordered to the north by the People’s Republic of China, and to the south, east, and west by the Republic of India. With an area of 147,181 square kilometers (56,827 sq mi) and a population of approximately 30 million, Nepal is the world’s 93rd largest country by land mass and the 41st most populous country. Kathmandu is the capital of the nation and a treasure house of ancient art and culture.
Nepal, within its small area, is endowed with the gift of nature as no other in the world possibly has. Lying between India and China in the south and north respectively, Nepal has preserved its own unique identity in terms of culture, ethnic diversity and pristine natural glory. From the north to the south, the differences in every aspect stand out can captivate anyone.
A land of mountains that Nepal is often called, it boasts of the main Himalayan range that is house to the highest peaks in the world. With Everest, the highest peak in the world standing at a height of 8848meters (29028feet) above the main sea level, there are other peaks that also are alluring; among the fourteen peaks above 8000meters eight are in Nepal which makes the country the focus of all mountaineers worldwide.

 
  Location  
  Nepal is a land-locked country bordering with the Tibet Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China in the north and surrounded by India in the east, south and west.   
     
  Language  
  Nepali is the national language of Nepal. Educated people understand and speak English as well. There are hundreds of local dialects spoken by people from various ethnic groups.   
  Climate  
  Nepal has four major seasons, namely
1 Winter: December-February
2 Spring: March-May
3 Summer: June-August and
4 Autumn: September-November. Nepal can be visited all the year round. 
 
  People and Religion  
  Nepalese people are mainly divided into two distinct groups, the Indo-Aryans and the Mangoloids (the Kirats). Before 2007 AD, Nepal was regarded as the only Hindu Kingdom in the world. But after that the Government of Nepal has already announced the country to be secular country. The Hindu Temples and Buddhist Shrines are scattered all over the Kingdom. Nepal is the birthplace of Lord Buddha, Herald of Peace, the Light of Asia. Hindus, Buddhists, Muslims and Christians live together in harmony. And other nature worshippers, too, exist here.    
  Currency & Foreign exchange  
  Nepali Rupee notes come in Rs. 5, 10, 20, 25, 50, 100, 500, 1000 denominations. Coins come in Rs. 1, 2 , 5 and 10 denominations.
Foreign currencies must be exchanged only through banks or authorized money exchangers. The receipts of such transaction are to be obtained and retained. Visitors can exchange foreign currency at the foreign exchange counter at the airport upon arrival. Visitors other than the Indian nationals have to make the payment in foreign currency (non-Indian currency) in hotel,Trekking agencies or travel agencies and for air tickets. 
 
     
     
     
 
Location:  Southern Asia, between China and India  
Geographic coordinates:  28 00 N, 84 00 E 
Map references:  Asia 
Area:  total: 147,181 sq km
land: 143,181 sq km
water: 4,000 sq km  
Area - comparative:  slightly larger than Arkansas 
Land boundaries:  total: 2,926 km
border countries: China 1,236 km
India 1,690 km 
Coastline:  0 km landlocked 
Maritime claims:  none landlocked
Climates:  varies from cool summers and severe winters in north to subtropical summers and mild winters in south 
Terrain:  Tarai or flat river plain of the Ganges in south, central hill region, rugged Himalayas in north  
Elevation extremes:  lowest point: Kanchan Kalan 70 m
highest point: Mount Everest 8,850 m  
Natural resources:  quartz, water, timber, hydropower, scenic beauty, small deposits of lignite, copper, cobalt, iron ore  
Land use:  arable land: 16.07%
permanent crops: 0.85%
other: 83.08% (2005)  
Irrigated land:  11,700 sq km (2003) 
Total renewable water resources:  210.2 cu km (1999) 
Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural):  total: 10.18 cu km/yr (3%/1%/96%)
per capita: 375 cu m/yr (2000)  
Natural hazards:  severe thunderstorms, flooding, landslides, drought, and famine depending on the timing, intensity, and duration of the summer monsoons  
Environment - current issues:  deforestation (overuse of wood for fuel and lack of alternatives); contaminated water (with human and animal wastes, agricultural runoff, and industrial effluents); wildlife conservation; vehicular emissions  
Environment - international agreements:  party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands signed, but not ratified: Marine Life Conservation 
Geography - note:  landlocked; strategic location between China and India; contains eight of world's 10 highest peaks, including Mount Everest and Kanchenjunga - the world's tallest and third tallest - on the borders with China and India respectively  
 
  People   
     
  Government   
     
 
Country name:
conventional long and short form: Nepal
local long and short form: Nepal
Government type:
constitutional monarchy
Capital:
name: Kathmandu
geographic coordinates: 27 43 N, 85 19 E
time difference: UTC+5.75 (10.75 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)
Administrative divisions:
14 zones (anchal, singular and plural); Bagmati, Bheri, Dhawalagiri, Gandaki, Janakpur, Karnali, Kosi, Lumbini, Mahakali, Mechi, Narayani, Rapti, Sagarmatha, Seti
Independence:
1768 (Unification lead by Prithvi Narayan SHAH)
Constitution:
9 November 1990; note - a new interim constitution was promulgated in January 2007; the November 2006 peace agreement calls for the election of a constituent assembly to draft a new permanent constitution
Legal system:
based on Hindu legal concepts and English common law; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Suffrage:
18 years of age; universal
Executive branch:
chief of state: Girija Prasad KOIRALA (since 30 April 2006)
head of government: Prime Minister Girija Prasad KOIRALA (since 30 April 2006)
cabinet: Cabinet historically appointed by the monarch on the recommendation of the prime minister; note - the prime minister selected the Cabinet in May 2006 in consultation with the political parties
elections: following legislative elections, the leader of the majority party or leader of a majority coalition historically has been appointed prime minister by the monarch
Legislative branch:
a 330 seat Interim Parliament was formed on 15 January 2007 following the promulgation of an interim constitution
elections: Constituent Assembly elections orginally scheduled for June 2007 are expected to be held on 10 April 2008
election results: Interim Parliament seats by party - NC 85, CPN/M 83, CPN/UML 83, NC/D 48, RPP 9, NSP/AD 5, NWPP 4, People's Front Nepal (Amik Sherchan Group) 4, People's Front Nepal (Chitra Bahadur K.C. Group) 3, UFL 3, People's Front Nepal (Chitra Bahadur Ale Group) 2, NSP 1
Judicial branch:
Supreme Court or Sarbochha Adalat (chief justice is appointed by the monarch on recommendation of the Constitutional Council; the other judges are appointed by the monarch on the recommendation of the Judicial Council)
Political parties and leaders:
Communist Party of Nepal/United Marxist-Leninist or CPN/UML [Madhav Kumar NEPAL]; National Democratic Party or NDP [Pashupati Shumsher RANA] (also called Rastriya Prajantra Party or RPP); Nepal Sadbhavana (Goodwill) Party or NSP - Mandal [Bhadri Prasad MANDAL]; Nepal Sadbhavana Party - Ananda Devi [Ananda DEVI]; Nepal Workers and Peasants Party or NWPP [Narayan Man BIJUKCHHE]; People's Front Nepal (Amik Sherchan Group); People's Front Nepal (Chitra Bahadur Ale Group); People's Front Nepal (Chitra Bahadur K.C. Group); Rastriya Janashakti Party or RJP [Surya Bahadur THAPA] (split from RPP in March 2005); Samyukta Janmorcha Nepal (merged with People's Front Nepal or PFN in 2002); United Leftist Front or UFL [C.P. MAINALI] etc
Political pressure groups and leaders:
Maoist guerrilla-based insurgency [Pushpa Kamal DAHAL, also known as PRACHANDA, chairman; Dr. Baburam BHATTARAI]; numerous small, left-leaning student groups in the capital; several small, radical Nepalese antimonarchist groups
International organization participation:
ADB, BIMSTEC, CP, FAO, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO (correspondent), ITSO, ITU, ITUC, MIGA, MINUSTAH, MONUC, NAM, OPCW, SAARC, SACEP, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNMEE, UNMIL, UNMIS, UNOCI, UNOMIG, UNTSO, UNWTO, UPU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO
Flag description:
red with a blue border around the unique shape of two overlapping right triangles; the smaller, upper triangle bears a white stylized moon and the larger, lower triangle bears a white 12-pointed sun
 
  copy from Taan  
   
 
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